Histological Techniques

• Tissue Processing and Sectioning:
  Tissue fixation, paraffin embedding, and fine sectioning using a microtome.

• Histological Staining:
  Routine standard staining techniques such as Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) or Gabe’s Trichrome.
  Special stains are used for more advanced tissue analysis and for the visualization of specific components, including:

  • Periodic Acid–Schiff (PAS) for carbohydrates and glycoconjugates

  • Congo Red for amyloid plaques

  • Feulgen stain for DNA

  • TUNEL assay for detecting apoptotic neurons

• Immuno-histocytochemistry and In Situ Hybridization:
  Immunohistological labeling and in situ hybridization, combined with image analysis using tools such as ImageJ and QuPath.

• Pre-embedding in Agarose:
  A specialized pre-embedding technique in agarose, adapted for very small specimens, to facilitate optimal paraffin embedding.